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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkem | om ʎapke |
| 2SG: | ʎapket | ot ʎapke |
| 3SG: | ʎapka | ok/ogeʃ ʎapke |
| 1PL: | ʎapkena | ona/ogəna ʎapke |
| 2PL: | ʎapkeda | oda/ogəda ʎapke |
| 3PL: | ʎapkat | ogət ʎapke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkəʃəm | ʃəm ʎapke |
| 2SG: | ʎapkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʎapke |
| 3SG: | ʎapkəʃ | əʃ ʎapke |
| 1PL: | ʎapkəʃna | əʃna ʎapke |
| 2PL: | ʎapkəʃda | əʃda ʎapke |
| 3PL: | ʎapkəʃt | əʃt ʎapke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkenam | ʎapken oməl |
| 2SG: | ʎapkenat | ʎapken otəl |
| 3SG: | ʎapken | ʎapken ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʎapkenːa | ʎapken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʎapkenda | ʎapken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʎapkenət | ʎapken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkem əʎe | om ʎapke əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʎapket əʎe | ot ʎapke əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʎapka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʎapke əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʎapkena əʎe | ona/ogəna ʎapke əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʎapkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʎapke əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʎapkat əʎe | ogət ʎapke əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkem ulmaʃ | om ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʎapket ulmaʃ | ot ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʎapka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʎapkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʎapkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʎapkat ulmaʃ | ogət ʎapke ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkenam əʎe | ʎapken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʎapkenat əʎe | ʎapken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʎapken əʎe | ʎapken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʎapkenːa əʎe | ʎapken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʎapkenda əʎe | ʎapken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʎapken əʎe | ʎapken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkenam ulmaʃ | ʎapken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʎapkenat ulmaʃ | ʎapken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʎapken ulmaʃ | ʎapken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʎapkenːa ulmaʃ | ʎapken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʎapkenda ulmaʃ | ʎapken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʎapken ulmaʃ | ʎapken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʎapke | it ʎapke |
| 3SG: | ʎapkəʒe | ənʒe ʎapke |
| 1PL: | (ʎapkena) | (ona/ogəna ʎapke) |
| 2PL: | ʎapkəza | ida ʎapke |
| 3PL: | ʎapkəʃt | ənəʃt ʎapke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkənem | ənem ʎapke |
| 2SG: | ʎapkənet | ənet ʎapke |
| 3SG: | ʎapkəneʒe | əneʒ ʎapke |
| 1PL: | ʎapkənena | ənena ʎapke |
| 2PL: | ʎapkəneda | əneda ʎapke |
| 3PL: | ʎapkəneʃt | əneʃt ʎapke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʎapkənem əʎe | ənem ʎapke əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʎapkənena əʎe | ənet ʎapke əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʎapkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʎapke əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʎapkənena əʎe | ənena ʎapke əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʎapkəneda əʎe | əneda ʎapke əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʎapkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʎapke əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʎapkənet ulmaʃ | ənet ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʎapkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʎapkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʎapke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʎapkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʎapke ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʎapkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʎapkəman |
| Active participle: | ʎapkəʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʎapkəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʎapkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʎapkədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʎapken |
| Negative gerund: | ʎapkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʎapkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʎapkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʎapkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʎapkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʎapkədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||